Drinking water is defined as water that does not pose health concerns to users. A huge percentage of people drink contaminated water resulting in many illnesses some of which are rapidly fatal. These diseases can be rapidly spread especially among communities that live close together. Eradicating related diseases is one of the major public health goals in the developing world. Drinking water testing is one of the many ways towards attaining this aim.
It is important to ensure that tests are done regularly on various samples before the water is declared fit for use. When carrying out tests, various impurities, both visible and invisible, are likely to be found in the samples. Commonly encountered impurities include lead, manganese, iron, sulphate and radon. Microorganisms are the contaminants that are most likely to cause disease. Unfortunately, they are usually invisible to the naked eye and are often overlooked. Testing for the organisms should be done at least once a year.
A number of changes and occurrences may call for testing of samples more than once a year. One should suspect extremely high levels of manganese, sulphate and iron in the event of changes in clarity, taste, color and smell. The tests are also crucial when unexplained illness occur within the immediate environment. Pregnancy is another critical indicator for home testing.
The occurrence of unwanted events such as sewage drainage destruction or blockage should raise the suspicion of contamination. One should also get concerned when there is a certain outbreak of diarrhea diseases. When water equipment gets worn out at a faster rate than usual, chances are high that this is linked to corrosion, hardness and pH changes. Inability of soaps to lather easily should also be considered.
The most vulnerable group of persons with regard to diseases are children less than five years and particularly the infants. Overexposure to nitrates to these group leads to nitrate poisoning. It subsequently results in a condition known as the blue baby syndrome in which the levels of oxygen are too low to meet the metabolic requirements. When identified, this condition should be treated as a medical emergency.
Either a simple flush in the morning or after the tap has run for a while can be used as a sample. Sampling from different points may be needed in case contamination is suspected to be in the plumbing system. This can be before and after water enters a storage container or at the inlet and outlet of a filter. Testing for corrosion in the plumbing system warrants collection of the sample after twelve hours of settling.
After samples have been tested and specific contaminants identified, filters can be installed to get rid of impurities. Reverse osmosis systems and distillation systems filter out fluoride, an element crucial for strengthening enamel and preventing tooth decay. AS such, caution should be taken when using such filters.
Even after the safety threshold has been reached, it is important to ensure that there is proper storage. This will help reduce the chances of contamination and diseases later on. While in storage, drinking water testing should be done regularly to make sure that the status has not changed.
It is important to ensure that tests are done regularly on various samples before the water is declared fit for use. When carrying out tests, various impurities, both visible and invisible, are likely to be found in the samples. Commonly encountered impurities include lead, manganese, iron, sulphate and radon. Microorganisms are the contaminants that are most likely to cause disease. Unfortunately, they are usually invisible to the naked eye and are often overlooked. Testing for the organisms should be done at least once a year.
A number of changes and occurrences may call for testing of samples more than once a year. One should suspect extremely high levels of manganese, sulphate and iron in the event of changes in clarity, taste, color and smell. The tests are also crucial when unexplained illness occur within the immediate environment. Pregnancy is another critical indicator for home testing.
The occurrence of unwanted events such as sewage drainage destruction or blockage should raise the suspicion of contamination. One should also get concerned when there is a certain outbreak of diarrhea diseases. When water equipment gets worn out at a faster rate than usual, chances are high that this is linked to corrosion, hardness and pH changes. Inability of soaps to lather easily should also be considered.
The most vulnerable group of persons with regard to diseases are children less than five years and particularly the infants. Overexposure to nitrates to these group leads to nitrate poisoning. It subsequently results in a condition known as the blue baby syndrome in which the levels of oxygen are too low to meet the metabolic requirements. When identified, this condition should be treated as a medical emergency.
Either a simple flush in the morning or after the tap has run for a while can be used as a sample. Sampling from different points may be needed in case contamination is suspected to be in the plumbing system. This can be before and after water enters a storage container or at the inlet and outlet of a filter. Testing for corrosion in the plumbing system warrants collection of the sample after twelve hours of settling.
After samples have been tested and specific contaminants identified, filters can be installed to get rid of impurities. Reverse osmosis systems and distillation systems filter out fluoride, an element crucial for strengthening enamel and preventing tooth decay. AS such, caution should be taken when using such filters.
Even after the safety threshold has been reached, it is important to ensure that there is proper storage. This will help reduce the chances of contamination and diseases later on. While in storage, drinking water testing should be done regularly to make sure that the status has not changed.
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