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mercredi 15 octobre 2014

What You Should Know About Military Antennas

By Patty Goff


In professional satellite communications transmitters, it is common for a single antenna to work with two orthogonal polarizations simultaneously, so that the available bandwidth for the signal on the link is doubled (military antennas). To do this, standing next to one ortho-mode transducer feeder, which has a circular waveguide port connected to the horn and two orthogonal rectangular waveguide ports, each of which works in a different polarization.

Within the transmission we can define co-polar diagram that represents the communication from to a desired polarity and polarized radiation pattern with the opposite polarity to that you already have. The most important parameters of the radiation pattern are: pointing direction: The maximum radiation. Directivity and Gain. Main lobe constitutes angular range around the direction of maximum radiation. Side lobes are other relative maxima, lower the principal value.

A typical loop antenna is made of copper, in resonance with a variable capacitor when transmitting and can withstand high voltages. The transmission can take many amps and the voltage across the capacitor several kilovolts. Loops of copper are more effective than lower managers, due to the large flow. Loops are circular and more efficient than squares, an alternative is octagoner that are easier to manufacture.

Comparing an antenna yagi with a satellite, the antenna yagi have a F / B ratio of about 15 dB (depending on model and manufacturer) while for the parabolic relationship F / B is> 35dB (depending on model and manufacturer) . This is observed as "good" antenna on rejection of signals by the rear. The higher the paramentro in parabolic antennas will be better. The 15 dB of antenna yagui it can also be interpreted as the attenuation that would have on the system, if for example a bounced capture of a building, by the rear of the wave. Radiation resistance - when power is supplied to an aerial, radiating part of it and part is converted into heat dissipating. When talking about radiation resistance, it is made taking into account that cannot be measured directly.

A transmitter with more than about 3 items are usually less sensitive in a circle slice perpendicular towards the main direction of a jet and therefore one can put antennas in close proximity to a base station. The distance between the antennas should be at least 1 / 2-1 of main wavelengths used. Further away than about 10 wavelengths (far field) affects largely the antenna radiation pattern, but it can affect radio propagation or radio broadcast.

You can also define the beam width between zero, which is the angular range of the main beam of a radiation pattern between two adjacent zeros to maximum. Create antennas radiated electromagnetic fields. Polarized electromagnetic defined in a certain direction, as the geometric shape that traces the edge of electric field vector at a certain distance from the antenna, to change the time.

Every day use of aerials to transmit and receive signals (data) throughout the world by millions of people is ordinary. General: Everything is connected without cables using in some degree antennas for the exchange of information (data). An aerial is a (metal wire) device designed for the purpose of emitting or receiving electromagnetic waves into free space. A transmitter antenna transforms electrical energy into electromagnetic waves, and a receiver performs the inverse function.

If, in each of these ports, a diplexer, which separates the frequency bands of emission and reception, it will be a feeder four ports with a single antenna will be able to send and receive both polarizations simultaneously placed. At other times, these antennas have only two ports, one for emitting a polarization and the other to receive the opposite polarization.




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